But what exactly causes melasma, and what are the best treatment options available in Singapore? This guide will cover everything you need to know, from triggers to effective treatments, and how to prevent recurrences.
What is Melasma?
Melasma is a form of hyperpigmentation that causes dark and discolored patches on the skin. This condition primarily affects areas exposed to the sun like the cheeks, forehead, nose, and upper lip.
It is more common in women, especially during their reproductive years, due to hormonal influences, but men can also develop melasma. Here are some characteristics of melasma to keep an eye on;
The patches are usually darker than your natural skin color and can range from tan to dark brown or gray.
They have an irregular shape and are often symmetrical on both sides of the face.
Unlike other forms of pigmentation, melasma doesn’t cause any physical discomfort like itching or pain.
What Flares up Melasma?
Several factors can trigger or worsen melasma, particularly in a tropical climate like Singapore, where exposure to intense sunlight is frequent. Here are some of the most common triggers of melasma:
Sun Exposure: Ultraviolet (UV) light from the sun stimulates the melanocytes (the pigment-producing cells in the skin), leading to melasma. This is why melasma often worsens during the summer months or in sunny climates.
Hormonal Changes: Hormones play a major role in melasma’s development. Women who are pregnant (a condition often called the "mask of pregnancy"), those taking birth control pills, or undergoing hormone replacement therapy are more susceptible to developing melasma.
Genetic Predisposition: A family history of melasma can increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Skincare Products: Certain skincare products that irritate the skin can also make melasma worse. This includes products with strong acids or retinoids.
Medications: Certain medications, such as anti-seizure drugs, can trigger melasma.
Is Treatment Necessary for Melasma?
To begin with, melasma isn't even a dangerous condition as it may seem. In fact, it doesn't even pose any health risks. So, treatment is often sought for cosmetic reasons.
This is because many people with melasma in Singapore find the appearance of dark patches distressing something which tends to affect their self-esteem and social interactions. Treatment is usually recommended when melasma patches are persistent and do not fade on their own.
Treatment is also recommended if melasma is causing emotional distress or impacting your quality of life. Also if your melasma becomes more pronounced due to continuous exposure to triggers (like sunlight) personalized treatment can help you manage the condition more effectively.
On the same note, it’s important to acknowledge that melasma can be stubborn. And, while treatments can significantly improve its appearance, they may not completely eliminate the pigmentation. Ongoing maintenance and protection from triggers will be required to prevent recurrence.
What Works for Melasma Treatment in Singapore?
A good treatment plan for melasma in Singapore should combine topical treatments, professional procedures, and diligent sun protection. Effective treatments for melasma typically include:
Topical Treatments: Prescription creams made with ingredients like hydroquinone, tretinoin, corticosteroids, and other depigmenting agents (such as azelaic acid, kojic acid, and niacinamide) are commonly used to lighten melasma. These treatments help by reducing the activity of melanocytes and lightening the pigmentation.
Chemical Peels: Supervised by a dermatologist, chemical peels using glycolic acid or other exfoliating agents can help remove the top layer of skin. It helps promote the growth of new, evenly pigmented-skin.
Laser Therapy and Intense Pulsed Light (IPL): Advanced treatments like laser therapy (like Q-switched lasers) and IPL can target the deeper layers of pigmentation without damaging the skin’s surface. However, these treatments should be conducted cautiously as they can sometimes exacerbate melasma if not done correctly.
Microneedling with Tranexamic Acid: This combination has shown promising results in reducing melasma pigmentation by increasing the absorption of tranexamic acid into the skin. This action helps in reducing pigment production.
Sun Protection: Broad-spectrum sunscreens with an SPF of 30 or higher are essential in managing melasma. Daily application, regardless of weather, along with protective clothing and hats, is crucial in preventing further pigmentation.
What to Expect from Melasma Treatments?
Treating melasma is a gradual process that requires patience and consistency. Here’s what you can typically expect when you begin to treat melasma in Singapore;
Initial Results: Most treatments take about 8 to 12 weeks to show visible improvement. So, patience is key. It is important to keep this in mind as melasma can be persistent.
Maintenance: Even after achieving significant lightening of the dark patches, maintenance treatments may still be necessary. These maintenance treatments will be key to preventing recurrence especially since melasma is prone to relapse when exposed to triggers like sunlight.
Side Effects: Some treatments, particularly those involving chemicals or lasers, may cause temporary redness, peeling, or sensitivity. These side effects are usually mild and really shouldn't bother you. They will subside with time.
Regularly follow up with your dermatologist to monitor the treatment’s progress and make necessary adjustments. This ensures the most effective management of melasma while minimizing potential side effects.
How to Prevent Melasma Recurrences?
Preventing melasma from recurring is just as important as treating it. Here are some effective hacks to prevent melasma recurrences:
Daily Sunscreen Use: Applying a broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher every day is the most crucial step. Reapply every two hours if you’re outdoors.
Protective Clothing: Wear wide-brimmed hats, sunglasses, and protective clothing to shield your skin from UV rays.
Gentle Products: Use gentle, non-irritating skincare products to avoid triggering melasma. Avoid harsh scrubs and treatments that can irritate the skin.
Regular Dermatologist Visits: Schedule regular visits with your dermatologist to keep an eye on your skin and catch any early signs of melasma recurrence.
The Bottom Line
Though stubborn, melasma can be effectively managed with the right approach. If you're dealing with melasma in Singapore, please consult with a qualified dermatologist to explore your treatment options and get a plan tailored to your needs.
With the right care, you can keep melasma under control and enjoy clear, beautiful skin. So, your best bet against melasma is a tailored treatment plan. To get started, we welcome you to schedule a thorough assessment by a board-certified provider at;
One Face Clinic - Pigmentation | Melasma Treatment | Acne Singapore
